I've previously mentioned that this decade would be one of fortieth space anniversaries. Next Friday, April 12, is both a forty-first, and a twenty-first anniversary of notable space events.

On that date in 1961, Yuri Gagarin, a Russian, became the first man to go into space, and into orbit.

It was the height of the Cold War, and the Soviets had already beaten us to launching the first satellite. The fact that they also beat us to putting a man into orbit (a feat we wouldn't match until John Glenn's flight the following February), combined with dismayingly regular failures of our rockets, simply added to our national frustration.

Later that same month was the disastrous invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs, compounding our sense of technological inferiority with a lack of military and political will as well. In an effort to both arrest this growing sense of technological impotence, and to distract from the Cuban fiasco, Kennedy made a speech to Congress on May 25th:

I believe this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space, and none will be so difficult or expensive to accomplish.

This speech, resulting at least partly from Gagarin's flight, set us firmly on the road to the Moon, launching the Apollo program and also setting into place the institutional structure of NASA and Space As A Government Program that, ironically, now holds us back.

But Yuri couldn't have foreseen any of this--he was just a lucky fighter jockey who got to be the first person to see the earth from above, with no borders or countries--just oceans and continents and islands, with a sunset and sunrise every hour and a half. But he was enchanted:

Circling the Earth in the orbital spaceship I marvelled at the beauty of our planet. People of the world! Let us safeguard and enhance this beauty--not destroy it!

He only flew the one time, and seven years later, in March 1968, his luck ran out, as he fatally crashed his Mig-15.

But last year, on the fortieth anniversary, a young student at the California Institute of Technology named Loretta Hidalgo decided to celebrate his achievement. With her friend George Whiteside and others, she organized a world-wide party, calling it Yuri's night. Individual parties were held in many of the planet's major cities, and linked through video and the internet. Young people (and some not-so-young people) danced the night away all over the globe, in celebration of the first human venturing off the planet.

And as I mentioned, it was another anniversary as well--twenty years to the day after Gagarin's flight, in 1981, the first Space Shuttle was launched. It wasn't planned to coincide with the Gagarin anniversary--it was supposed to launch on April 10th, but a computer glitch delayed it two days.

Anyway, last year's first event was a spectacular success, and next Friday, they're going to do it again. So go to the web site, find the nearest party, put on your dancing shoes and help celebrate the first man and first reusable spacecraft to enter space.

Trivia question: in the 25 May 61 speech, JFK said, "We choose to go to the Moon, and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard."
What were the other things?
(I know that using the 'net makes this one awfully easy to answer, so it will be a lot more fun if everybody just guesses first.)

Is this a trick question? He didn't use those words in the speech to Congress. Now you're going to have to tell us just which speech they did come from.

I know. ;-)

The speech was at Rice (that is, in Houston), not to Congress.

Yes. And the date? ;-)

I went to Rice, so I can answer this one.

JFK's speech was given in Rice Stadium, and before the famous part of the quote, he asks, "Why do we choose to go to the moon? Why does Rice play Texas?" (Here, the crowd laughs. Rice played Texas every year, and was always favored to lose -- UT's football team had been national champions several years running.)

12 Sep 62.

You're supposed to say "Doh!" now, Jay. :-)